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What are the similarities between colonial management of the f... - India And The Contemporary World – I
What are the similarities between colonial management of the forests in Bastar and in Java?
The similarities between colonial management of the forests in Bastar (India) and Java (Indonesia) were:
State Control: In both regions, the colonial powers (British in Bastar, Dutch in Java) took control of the forests and declared them as state property.
Restriction on Villagers: Villagers in both places were banned from practicing shifting cultivation and were restricted from accessing forests for grazing cattle, collecting wood, or hunting.
Labour Exploitation: Both colonial powers used local villagers for free labour. In Bastar, villagers were allowed to stay in forests only if they worked for the forest department for free. In Java, the blandongdiensten system forced villagers to provide free labour and buffaloes for cutting and transporting timber.
Scientific Forestry: Both implemented "Scientific Forestry," where natural forests with diverse species were cut down and replaced by monoculture plantations (like Teak in Java and Sal/Teak in Bastar).
Rebellions: The oppressive policies led to rebellions in both regions (the rebellion in Bastar in 1910 and the Saminist movement in Java).