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Name different types of Vegetation found in India and describe... - Contemporary India
Name different types of Vegetation found in India and describe the vegetation of high altitudes.
The different types of vegetation found in India are:
Tropical Evergreen Forests
Tropical Deciduous Forests
Tropical Thorn Forests and Scrubs
Montane Forests
Mangrove Forests
Vegetation of High Altitudes (Montane Forests):
In mountainous areas, the decrease in temperature with increasing altitude leads to a corresponding change in natural vegetation:
1000 to 2000 meters: Wet temperate type of forests are found. Evergreen broad-leaf trees, such as oaks and chestnuts, predominate.
1500 to 3000 meters: Temperate forests containing coniferous trees like pine, deodar, silver fir, spruce, and cedar are found.
Above 3600 meters: Temperate forests and grasslands give way to Alpine vegetation. Common trees include silver fir, junipers, pines, and birches.
Higher Altitudes: As they approach the snowline, the trees get stunted. Finally, through shrubs and scrubs, they merge into Alpine grasslands. These are used extensively for grazing by nomadic tribes like the Gujjars and the Bakarwals.
Highest Altitudes: At very high altitudes, mosses and lichens form part of tundra vegetation.