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There are many similarities in the way in which the modern... - India And The Contemporary World – I
There are many similarities in the way in which the modern world forced changes in the lives of pastoral communities in India and East Africa. Write about any two examples of changes which were similar for Indian pastoralists and the Maasai herders.
Two similar changes for Indian pastoralists and Maasai herders were:
Loss of Grazing Lands to Protected Areas:
India: The colonial government passed Forest Acts that classified forests as "Reserved." Pastoralists were banned from entering these forests, which took away their traditional grazing and foraging rights.
East Africa: Large areas of Maasai grazing land were converted into Game Reserves (like the Serengeti and Maasai Mara). The Maasai were forbidden from entering these reserves to graze their cattle or hunt.
Pressure to Expand Cultivation:
India: The British government introduced "Waste Land Rules" to convert grazing lands into cultivated farms to increase land revenue. This significantly reduced the available pastures.
East Africa: The best grazing lands were taken over for white settlements and converted into agricultural farms. The colonial government encouraged local peasants to expand cultivation, eating into the pasturelands of the Maasai.