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MCQs For Class 9 Science

Chapter 5 : The Fundamental Unit of Life

MCQs For Class 9 Science Chapter 5 The Fundamental Unit of Life

Updated on: 16 Jan, 2026
Q1. Who discovered the cell for the first time?
A. Robert Brown
B. Robert Hooke
C. Leeuwenhoek
D. Purkinje
Correct Answer: B
Q2. In which year did Robert Hooke discover the cell?
A. 1665
B. 1674
C. 1831
D. 1839
Correct Answer: A
Q3. Robert Hooke observed the cells by examining a thin slice of:
A. Leaf
B. Bark
C. Cork
D. Root
Correct Answer: C
Q4. Who discovered the free-living cells in pond water for the first time?
A. Robert Hooke
B. Robert Brown
C. Anton von Leeuwenhoek
D. Virchow
Correct Answer: C
Q5. Who discovered the nucleus in the cell?
A. Robert Brown
B. Robert Hooke
C. Schleiden
D. Schwann
Correct Answer: A
Q6. The term 'Protoplasm' was coined by:
A. Virchow
B. Purkinje
C. Robert Brown
D. Camillo Golgi
Correct Answer: B
Q7. Who proposed the 'Cell Theory' that all plants and animals are composed of cells?
A. Schleiden and Schwann
B. Watson and Crick
C. Darwin and Lamarck
D. Robert Hooke and Robert Brown
Correct Answer: A
Q8. Who expanded the cell theory by suggesting that all cells arise from pre-existing cells?
A. Schleiden
B. Schwann
C. Virchow
D. Leeuwenhoek
Correct Answer: C
Q9. Which organelle is known as the 'Powerhouse of the cell'?
A. Nucleus
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Mitochondria
D. Ribosomes
Correct Answer: C
Q10. Which organelle is known as the 'Suicide bags' of a cell?
A. Mitochondria
B. Lysosomes
C. Vacuoles
D. Ribosomes
Correct Answer: B
Q11. The plasma membrane is made up of:
A. Cellulose and Hemicellulose
B. Lipids and Proteins
C. Peptidoglycan
D. Starch
Correct Answer: B
Q12. The process by which water molecules move from a region of high concentration to low concentration through a selectively permeable membrane is:
A. Diffusion
B. Osmosis
C. Endocytosis
D. Plasmolysis
Correct Answer: B
Q13. A cell placed in a hypotonic solution will:
A. Shrink
B. Swell up
C. Stay the same size
D. Burst immediately
Correct Answer: B
Q14. The cell wall of plants is mainly composed of:
A. Chitin
B. Cellulose
C. Lipids
D. Proteins
Correct Answer: B
Q15. The phenomenon where a living plant cell loses water through osmosis and the contents shrink away from the cell wall is called:
A. Osmosis
B. Diffusion
C. Plasmolysis
D. Endocytosis
Correct Answer: C
Q16. Which of the following lacks a nuclear membrane?
A. Eukaryotic cells
B. Prokaryotic cells
C. Animal cells
D. Plant cells
Correct Answer: B
Q17. The undefined nuclear region in prokaryotes is known as:
A. Nucleus
B. Nucleolus
C. Nucleoid
D. Nucleic acid
Correct Answer: C
Q18. Chromosomes are made up of:
A. DNA and Protein
B. RNA and Protein
C. DNA only
D. Protein only
Correct Answer: A
Q19. The functional segments of DNA are called:
A. RNA
B. Genes
C. Chromosomes
D. Nucleolus
Correct Answer: B
Q20. Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?
A. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
B. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (Ribosomes)
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Lysosomes
Correct Answer: B
Q21. The Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) helps in the manufacture of:
A. Proteins
B. Fat molecules or Lipids
C. Starch
D. Glucose
Correct Answer: B
Q22. Which organelle is involved in detoxifying many poisons and drugs in liver cells?
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Lysosomes
C. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)
D. Vacuoles
Correct Answer: C
Q23. Which organelle is involved in the formation of Lysosomes?
A. Mitochondria
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Endoplasmic reticulum
D. Plastids
Correct Answer: B
Q24. Mitochondria are strange organelles because they have their own:
A. DNA and Ribosomes
B. Nucleus
C. Golgi bodies
D. Endoplasmic reticulum
Correct Answer: A
Q25. ATP stands for:
A. Adenosine triphosphate
B. Ammonium triphosphate
C. Adenosine tetraphosphate
D. Alanine triphosphate
Correct Answer: A
Q26. Which plastid contains the pigment chlorophyll?
A. Leucoplast
B. Chromoplast (Chloroplast)
C. Amyloplast
D. Elaioplast
Correct Answer: B
Q27. The primary function of leucoplasts is:
A. Photosynthesis
B. Storage (starch, oils, proteins)
C. Providing color to flowers
D. Respiration
Correct Answer: B
Q28. Which of these organelles is found only in plant cells?
A. Mitochondria
B. Plastids
C. Ribosomes
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct Answer: B
Q29. Large central vacuoles are a characteristic of:
A. Animal cells
B. Plant cells
C. Bacterial cells
D. Amoeba
Correct Answer: B
Q30. Amoeba acquires its food through a process called:
A. Exocytosis
B. Endocytosis
C. Plasmolysis
D. Diffusion
Correct Answer: B
Q31. The "Kitchen of the cell" is:
A. Mitochondria
B. Endoplasmic reticulum
C. Chloroplast
D. Vacuole
Correct Answer: C
Q32. Which of the following is an example of a unicellular organism?
A. Fungi
B. Human
C. Amoeba
D. Mango tree
Correct Answer: C
Q33. Which cell organelle is called the 'Packaging and Dispatching unit'?
A. Lysosomes
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Ribosomes
D. Mitochondria
Correct Answer: B
Q34. The only cell organelle seen in a prokaryotic cell is:
A. Mitochondria
B. Ribosomes
C. Plastids
D. Lysosomes
Correct Answer: B
Q35. Osmosis is a special case of:
A. Absorption
B. Diffusion
C. Adsorption
D. Evolution
Correct Answer: B
Q36. Which of the following are called 'Protein factories' of the cell?
A. Mitochondria
B. Chloroplasts
C. Ribosomes
D. Lysosomes
Correct Answer: C
Q37. If a cell's organization is destroyed due to some physical or chemical influence, what will happen?
A. It will grow bigger
B. It will divide
C. The lysosomes will burst and digest the cell
D. It will become a cancer cell
Correct Answer: C
Q38. What is the main function of the Nucleus?
A. Cellular respiration
B. Protein synthesis
C. Directs chemical activities and reproduction of the cell
D. Digestion
Correct Answer: C
Q39. Which organelle has its own DNA and ribosomes besides Mitochondria?
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Plastids
C. Lysosomes
D. Vacuoles
Correct Answer: B
Q40. Cell division that results in two identical daughter cells for growth is:
A. Meiosis
B. Mitosis
C. Fusion
D. Budding
Correct Answer: B
Q41. Cell division that produces gametes (sperm/egg) and results in four daughter cells is:
A. Mitosis
B. Meiosis
C. Fission
D. Regeneration
Correct Answer: B
Q42. The cell wall lies ________ the plasma membrane in plant cells.
A. Inside
B. Outside
C. Below
D. None of these
Correct Answer: B
Q43. Which solution has the same concentration of water as inside the cell?
A. Hypotonic
B. Hypertonic
C. Isotonic
D. Saturated
Correct Answer: C
Q44. Who gave the phrase "Omnis cellula-e cellula" (all cells arise from pre-existing cells)?
A. Robert Hooke
B. Rudolf Virchow
C. Louis Pasteur
D. Aristotle
Correct Answer: B
Q45. Mitochondria release energy in the form of ________ molecules.
A. DNA
B. ATP
C. RNA
D. Glucose
Correct Answer: B
Q46. Chromoplasts give color to:
A. Roots
B. Flowers and Fruits
C. Only leaves
D. Stems
Correct Answer: B
Q47. Bacterial cells are generally ________ than eukaryotic cells.
A. Larger
B. Smaller
C. Same size
D. More complex
Correct Answer: B
Q48. Internal support and turgidity to the plant cell is provided by:
A. Nucleus
B. Vacuoles
C. Ribosomes
D. Mitochondria
Correct Answer: B
Q49. Membrane biogenesis is the process of building the cell membrane using proteins and lipids, often assisted by:
A. ER (Endoplasmic Reticulum)
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Vacuoles
D. Mitochondria
Correct Answer: A
Q50. Which of the following does not have a membrane?
A. Vacuole
B. Ribosome
C. Chloroplast
D. Nucleus
Correct Answer: B